The dative case is used to describe the indirect object of a sentence.
The indirect object is the recipient of the direct object. In addition
to changes in the article, plural nouns also receive an -n suffix (except for nouns that already end in an -n).
NOMINAITV
AKKUSATIV
DATIV
Gender
DEF. INDEF.
DEF. INDEF.
DEF. INDEF.
Maskulin
der ein
den einen
dem einem
Fememin
die eine
die eine
dereiner
Neutral
das ein
das ein
demeinem
Plural
die -
die -
- -
Se utiliza en tres situaciones:
1 - Si estamos hablando de donde está una cosa o a donde ponemos una cosa "wo?" "Donde?"
Wo ist das Wasser? ... Das Wasser ist in dem glass
2 - Después de ciertas preposiciones siempre usamos dativo:
mit, von, bei...
3 - Cuando lo usamos sin preposiciones es porque queremos transmitir una información con "Objeto indirecto"
Comparing how the noun changes in der Dativ VS Akkusativ
Dativ
Akkusativ
Ich zeige
I show
dem Mann
den Supermarkt.
Ich zeige
I show
der Frau
die Buchhandlung.
Ich zeige
I show
dem Kind
das Kino.
Ich zeige
I show
den Kindern
die Museen.
GEFALLEN
El verbo gefallen es especial, porque el que está en dativo es la persona que “recibe” el gusto.
[Dativ = persona] gefällt [Nominativ = cosa que gusta]
„Mir gefällt das Kleid.“
→ A mí me gusta el vestido.
✅ Desglose:
Mir → Dativo de ich (yo) → a mí
gefällt → forma del verbo gefallen en 3ª persona singular
das Kleid → Nominativo, sujeto de la oración → el vestido
Remember:we use the dative for indirect objects, mostly other people playing an indirect role in our actions, usually receiving something.
* Nota Bene: although in English 'little girl' is referred to as
'she,' in German the word 'Mädchen' is grammatically neutral, so the
possessive pronoun has to be 'sein' (its). Right now, there are more and
more people who would refer to Mädchen as 'sie' (she, her), especially
among young people, since they find it insulting to talk about females
as 'it.'
Nevertheless, in formal writing, if the pronoun appears in the same
sentence as the word 'Mädchen,' it should be neuter ('es' 'sein', usu.).
However, please note that the native speaker narrator used 'ihre
Großzügigkeit' in the last sentence instead of 'seine '...
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